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Viêm họng do trào ngược dạ dày thực quản là một trong những bệnh thường gặp. Tuy nhiên, triệu chứng của tình trạng này khó phân biệt với các bệnh lý thông thường khác.
Vì sao trào ngược dạ dày thực quản (GERD) lại gây viêm họng? Viêm họng thông thường là gì?
Khi bị trào ngược dạ dày thực quản, acid dạ dày rất dễ trào ngược lên thực quản do cơ thắt thực quản bị suy yếu hoặc rối loạn. Về lâu dài sẽ gây tổn thương cổ họng và gây ra cảm giác nóng rát.
Còn đối với viêm họng thông thường, nguyên nhân chủ yếu là do vi khuẩn hoặc virus.
Các triệu chứng viêm họng do GERD có gì khác so với viêm họng thông thường?
Viêm họng do trào ngược dạ dày thực quản (GERD) sẽ gây ra nóng rát trước ngực, cảm giác khó nuốt, có nhiều đờm trong cổ họng, ho mãn tính hoặc ho khi ngủ.
Triệu chứng của viêm họng do vi khuẩn hoặc virus: ngứa rát cổ họng, ho có đờm (có thể màu xanh lá). Cảm giác muốn ho mạnh để tống dị vật ra ngoài. Tình trạng ho khan kéo dài có thể khiến niêm mạc họng bị phù nề và sưng đôi khi ho đờm có lẫn máu.
Cách điều trị viêm họng do trào ngược dạ dày thực quản (GERD)
Ở giai đoạn đầu tiên, dược sĩ nên tư vấn cho bệnh nhân cách thay đổi thói quen sống:
- Chia nhỏ các bữa ăn: làm giảm giãn rộng dạ dày và giảm áp lực lên cơ thắt thực quản
- Hạn chế các thực phẩm gây kích ứng: thức ăn cay, nóng, chiên dầu và có đường
- Duy trì cân nặng hợp lý: Tình trạng thừa cân có thể làm tăng áp lực vùng bụng, khiến dịch dạ dày bị đẩy lên thực quản
Các loại thuốc điều trị trào ngược dạ dày (GERD), giúp giảm hoặc trung hòa acid bao gồm:
Thuốc kháng acid: Là thuốc không kê đơn có tác dụng trung hòa acid dạ dày và làm giảm các triệu chứng của GERD. Các thành phần hoạt chất trong sản phẩm có thể bao gồm: Magie Hydrocxit, Nhôm Hydroxit,…
Thuốc ức chế thụ thể H2: Ngăn chặn các tế bào trong dạ dày cạnh tranh gắn kết các thụ thể trên các tế bào sản xuất acid. Một số loại thuốc thuộc nhóm này là Ranitidine, Cimetidine, Famotidine, Nizatidine,…
Thuốc ức chế bơm proton (PPI): làm giảm sản xuất acid dạ dày. Các thuốc thuộc nhóm này có thể kể đến như Omeprazole, Lansoprazole, Rabeprazole, Pantoprazole, Esomeprazole,…
Xem thêm cách đào tạo nhân viên bán thuốc tây hiệu quả tại đây!
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